CI: Updated the 'checkout' actions that were using Node.js 16 to Node.js 20. (#489)

[ppp.git] / pppd / lcp.c

/*
 * lcp.c - PPP Link Control Protocol.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1984-2000 Carnegie Mellon University. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 *    distribution.
 *
 * 3. The name "Carnegie Mellon University" must not be used to
 *    endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 *    prior written permission. For permission or any legal
 *    details, please contact
 *      Office of Technology Transfer
 *      Carnegie Mellon University
 *      5000 Forbes Avenue
 *      Pittsburgh, PA  15213-3890
 *      (412) 268-4387, fax: (412) 268-7395
 *      tech-transfer@andrew.cmu.edu
 *
 * 4. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following
 *    acknowledgment:
 *    "This product includes software developed by Computing Services
 *     at Carnegie Mellon University (http://www.cmu.edu/computing/)."
 *
 * CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
 * THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
 * AND FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN
 * AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>

#include "pppd-private.h"
#include "options.h"
#include "fsm.h"
#include "lcp.h"
#include "eap.h"
#include "chap.h"
#include "magic.h"
#include "multilink.h"

/*
 * When the link comes up we want to be able to wait for a short while,
 * or until seeing some input from the peer, before starting to send
 * configure-requests.  We do this by delaying the fsm_lowerup call.
 */
/* steal a bit in fsm flags word */
#define DELAYED_UP      0x100

static void lcp_delayed_up(void *);

/*
 * These definitions relate to the measurement and logging of round-trip
 * time (RTT) of LCP echo-requests implemented in lcp_rtt_update_buffer().
 */
#define LCP_RTT_MAGIC 0x19450425
#define LCP_RTT_HEADER_LENGTH 4
#define LCP_RTT_FILE_SIZE 8192
#define LCP_RTT_ELEMENTS (LCP_RTT_FILE_SIZE / sizeof(u_int32_t) - LCP_RTT_HEADER_LENGTH) / 2

/*
 * LCP-related command-line options.
 */
int     lcp_echo_interval = 0;  /* Interval between LCP echo-requests */
int     lcp_echo_fails = 0;     /* Tolerance to unanswered echo-requests */
bool    lcp_echo_adaptive = 0;  /* request echo only if the link was idle */
char    *lcp_rtt_file = NULL;   /* measure the RTT of LCP echo-requests */
bool    lax_recv = 0;           /* accept control chars in asyncmap */
bool    noendpoint = 0;         /* don't send/accept endpoint discriminator */

static int noopt(char **);

#ifdef PPP_WITH_MULTILINK
static int setendpoint(char **);
static void printendpoint(option_t *, void (*)(void *, char *, ...), void *);
#endif /* PPP_WITH_MULTILINK */

static struct option lcp_option_list[] = {
    /* LCP options */
    { "-all", o_special_noarg, (void *)noopt,
      "Don't request/allow any LCP options" },

    { "noaccomp", o_bool, &lcp_wantoptions[0].neg_accompression,
      "Disable address/control compression",
      OPT_A2CLR, &lcp_allowoptions[0].neg_accompression },
    { "-ac", o_bool, &lcp_wantoptions[0].neg_accompression,
      "Disable address/control compression",
      OPT_ALIAS | OPT_A2CLR, &lcp_allowoptions[0].neg_accompression },

    { "asyncmap", o_uint32, &lcp_wantoptions[0].asyncmap,
      "Set asyncmap (for received packets)",
      OPT_OR, &lcp_wantoptions[0].neg_asyncmap },
    { "-as", o_uint32, &lcp_wantoptions[0].asyncmap,
      "Set asyncmap (for received packets)",
      OPT_ALIAS | OPT_OR, &lcp_wantoptions[0].neg_asyncmap },
    { "default-asyncmap", o_uint32, &lcp_wantoptions[0].asyncmap,
      "Disable asyncmap negotiation",
      OPT_OR | OPT_NOARG | OPT_VAL(~0U) | OPT_A2CLR,
      &lcp_allowoptions[0].neg_asyncmap },
    { "-am", o_uint32, &lcp_wantoptions[0].asyncmap,
      "Disable asyncmap negotiation",
      OPT_ALIAS | OPT_OR | OPT_NOARG | OPT_VAL(~0U) | OPT_A2CLR,
      &lcp_allowoptions[0].neg_asyncmap },

    { "nomagic", o_bool, &lcp_wantoptions[0].neg_magicnumber,
      "Disable magic number negotiation (looped-back line detection)",
      OPT_A2CLR, &lcp_allowoptions[0].neg_magicnumber },
    { "-mn", o_bool, &lcp_wantoptions[0].neg_magicnumber,
      "Disable magic number negotiation (looped-back line detection)",
      OPT_ALIAS | OPT_A2CLR, &lcp_allowoptions[0].neg_magicnumber },

    { "mru", o_int, &lcp_wantoptions[0].mru,
      "Set MRU (maximum received packet size) for negotiation",
      OPT_PRIO, &lcp_wantoptions[0].neg_mru },
    { "default-mru", o_bool, &lcp_wantoptions[0].neg_mru,
      "Disable MRU negotiation (use default 1500)",
      OPT_PRIOSUB | OPT_A2CLR, &lcp_allowoptions[0].neg_mru },
    { "-mru", o_bool, &lcp_wantoptions[0].neg_mru,
      "Disable MRU negotiation (use default 1500)",
      OPT_ALIAS | OPT_PRIOSUB | OPT_A2CLR, &lcp_allowoptions[0].neg_mru },

    { "mtu", o_int, &lcp_allowoptions[0].mru,
      "Set our MTU", OPT_LIMITS, NULL, MAXMRU, MINMRU },

    { "nopcomp", o_bool, &lcp_wantoptions[0].neg_pcompression,
      "Disable protocol field compression",
      OPT_A2CLR, &lcp_allowoptions[0].neg_pcompression },
    { "-pc", o_bool, &lcp_wantoptions[0].neg_pcompression,
      "Disable protocol field compression",
      OPT_ALIAS | OPT_A2CLR, &lcp_allowoptions[0].neg_pcompression },

    { "passive", o_bool, &lcp_wantoptions[0].passive,
      "Set passive mode", 1 },
    { "-p", o_bool, &lcp_wantoptions[0].passive,
      "Set passive mode", OPT_ALIAS | 1 },

    { "silent", o_bool, &lcp_wantoptions[0].silent,
      "Set silent mode", 1 },

    { "lcp-echo-failure", o_int, &lcp_echo_fails,
      "Set number of consecutive echo failures to indicate link failure",
      OPT_PRIO },
    { "lcp-echo-interval", o_int, &lcp_echo_interval,
      "Set time in seconds between LCP echo requests", OPT_PRIO },
    { "lcp-echo-adaptive", o_bool, &lcp_echo_adaptive,
      "Suppress LCP echo requests if traffic was received", 1 },
    { "lcp-rtt-file", o_string, &lcp_rtt_file,
      "Filename for logging the round-trip time of LCP echo requests",
      OPT_PRIO | OPT_PRIV },
    { "lcp-restart", o_int, &lcp_fsm[0].timeouttime,
      "Set time in seconds between LCP retransmissions", OPT_PRIO },
    { "lcp-max-terminate", o_int, &lcp_fsm[0].maxtermtransmits,
      "Set maximum number of LCP terminate-request transmissions", OPT_PRIO },
    { "lcp-max-configure", o_int, &lcp_fsm[0].maxconfreqtransmits,
      "Set maximum number of LCP configure-request transmissions", OPT_PRIO },
    { "lcp-max-failure", o_int, &lcp_fsm[0].maxnakloops,
      "Set limit on number of LCP configure-naks", OPT_PRIO },

    { "receive-all", o_bool, &lax_recv,
      "Accept all received control characters", 1 },

#ifdef PPP_WITH_MULTILINK
    { "mrru", o_int, &lcp_wantoptions[0].mrru,
      "Maximum received packet size for multilink bundle",
      OPT_PRIO, &lcp_wantoptions[0].neg_mrru },

    { "mpshortseq", o_bool, &lcp_wantoptions[0].neg_ssnhf,
      "Use short sequence numbers in multilink headers",
      OPT_PRIO | 1, &lcp_allowoptions[0].neg_ssnhf },
    { "nompshortseq", o_bool, &lcp_wantoptions[0].neg_ssnhf,
      "Don't use short sequence numbers in multilink headers",
      OPT_PRIOSUB | OPT_A2CLR, &lcp_allowoptions[0].neg_ssnhf },

    { "endpoint", o_special, (void *) setendpoint,
      "Endpoint discriminator for multilink",
      OPT_PRIO | OPT_A2PRINTER, (void *) printendpoint },
#endif /* PPP_WITH_MULTILINK */

    { "noendpoint", o_bool, &noendpoint,
      "Don't send or accept multilink endpoint discriminator", 1 },

    {NULL}
};

/* global vars */
fsm lcp_fsm[NUM_PPP];                   /* LCP fsm structure (global)*/
lcp_options lcp_wantoptions[NUM_PPP];   /* Options that we want to request */
lcp_options lcp_gotoptions[NUM_PPP];    /* Options that peer ack'd */
lcp_options lcp_allowoptions[NUM_PPP];  /* Options we allow peer to request */
lcp_options lcp_hisoptions[NUM_PPP];    /* Options that we ack'd */

static int lcp_echos_pending = 0;       /* Number of outstanding echo msgs */
static int lcp_echo_number   = 0;       /* ID number of next echo frame */
static int lcp_echo_timer_running = 0;  /* set if a timer is running */
static int lcp_rtt_file_fd = 0;         /* fd for the opened LCP RTT file */
static u_int32_t *lcp_rtt_buffer = NULL; /* the mmap'ed LCP RTT file */

static u_char nak_buffer[PPP_MRU];      /* where we construct a nak packet */

/*
 * Callbacks for fsm code.  (CI = Configuration Information)
 */
static void lcp_resetci(fsm *); /* Reset our CI */
static int  lcp_cilen(fsm *);           /* Return length of our CI */
static void lcp_addci(fsm *, u_char *, int *); /* Add our CI to pkt */
static int  lcp_ackci(fsm *, u_char *, int); /* Peer ack'd our CI */
static int  lcp_nakci(fsm *, u_char *, int, int); /* Peer nak'd our CI */
static int  lcp_rejci(fsm *, u_char *, int); /* Peer rej'd our CI */
static int  lcp_reqci(fsm *, u_char *, int *, int); /* Rcv peer CI */
static void lcp_up(fsm *);              /* We're UP */
static void lcp_down(fsm *);            /* We're DOWN */
static void lcp_starting(fsm *);        /* We need lower layer up */
static void lcp_finished(fsm *);        /* We need lower layer down */
static int  lcp_extcode(fsm *, int, int, u_char *, int);
static void lcp_rprotrej(fsm *, u_char *, int);

/*
 * routines to send LCP echos to peer
 */

static void lcp_echo_lowerup(int);
static void lcp_echo_lowerdown(int);
static void LcpEchoTimeout(void *);
static void lcp_received_echo_reply(fsm *, int, u_char *, int);
static void LcpSendEchoRequest(fsm *);
static void LcpLinkFailure(fsm *);
static void LcpEchoCheck(fsm *);

static fsm_callbacks lcp_callbacks = {  /* LCP callback routines */
    lcp_resetci,                /* Reset our Configuration Information */
    lcp_cilen,                  /* Length of our Configuration Information */
    lcp_addci,                  /* Add our Configuration Information */
    lcp_ackci,                  /* ACK our Configuration Information */
    lcp_nakci,                  /* NAK our Configuration Information */
    lcp_rejci,                  /* Reject our Configuration Information */
    lcp_reqci,                  /* Request peer's Configuration Information */
    lcp_up,                     /* Called when fsm reaches OPENED state */
    lcp_down,                   /* Called when fsm leaves OPENED state */
    lcp_starting,               /* Called when we want the lower layer up */
    lcp_finished,               /* Called when we want the lower layer down */
    NULL,                       /* Called when Protocol-Reject received */
    NULL,                       /* Retransmission is necessary */
    lcp_extcode,                /* Called to handle LCP-specific codes */
    "LCP"                       /* String name of protocol */
};

/*
 * Protocol entry points.
 * Some of these are called directly.
 */

static void lcp_init(int);
static void lcp_input(int, u_char *, int);
static void lcp_protrej(int);
static int  lcp_printpkt(u_char *, int, void (*)(void *, char *, ...), void *);

struct protent lcp_protent = {
    PPP_LCP,
    lcp_init,
    lcp_input,
    lcp_protrej,
    lcp_lowerup,
    lcp_lowerdown,
    lcp_open,
    lcp_close,
    lcp_printpkt,
    NULL,
    1,
    "LCP",
    NULL,
    lcp_option_list,
    NULL,
    NULL,
    NULL
};

int lcp_loopbackfail = DEFLOOPBACKFAIL;

/*
 * Length of each type of configuration option (in octets)
 */
#define CILEN_VOID      2
#define CILEN_CHAR      3
#define CILEN_SHORT     4       /* CILEN_VOID + 2 */
#define CILEN_CHAP      5       /* CILEN_VOID + 2 + 1 */
#define CILEN_LONG      6       /* CILEN_VOID + 4 */
#define CILEN_LQR       8       /* CILEN_VOID + 2 + 4 */
#define CILEN_CBCP      3

#define CODENAME(x)     ((x) == CONFACK ? "ACK" : \
                         (x) == CONFNAK ? "NAK" : "REJ")

/*
 * noopt - Disable all options (why?).
 */
static int
noopt(char **argv)
{
    BZERO((char *) &lcp_wantoptions[0], sizeof (struct lcp_options));
    BZERO((char *) &lcp_allowoptions[0], sizeof (struct lcp_options));

    return (1);
}

#ifdef PPP_WITH_MULTILINK
static int
setendpoint(char **argv)
{
    if (str_to_epdisc(&lcp_wantoptions[0].endpoint, *argv)) {
        lcp_wantoptions[0].neg_endpoint = 1;
        return 1;
    }
    ppp_option_error("Can't parse '%s' as an endpoint discriminator", *argv);
    return 0;
}

static void
printendpoint(option_t *opt, void (*printer)(void *, char *, ...), void *arg)
{
        printer(arg, "%s", epdisc_to_str(&lcp_wantoptions[0].endpoint));
}
#endif /* PPP_WITH_MULTILINK */

/*
 * lcp_init - Initialize LCP.
 */
static void
lcp_init(int unit)
{
    fsm *f = &lcp_fsm[unit];
    lcp_options *wo = &lcp_wantoptions[unit];
    lcp_options *ao = &lcp_allowoptions[unit];

    f->unit = unit;
    f->protocol = PPP_LCP;
    f->callbacks = &lcp_callbacks;

    fsm_init(f);

    BZERO(wo, sizeof(*wo));
    wo->neg_mru = 1;
    wo->mru = DEFMRU;
    wo->neg_asyncmap = 1;
    wo->neg_magicnumber = 1;
    wo->neg_pcompression = 1;
    wo->neg_accompression = 1;

    BZERO(ao, sizeof(*ao));
    ao->neg_mru = 1;
    ao->mru = MAXMRU;
    ao->neg_asyncmap = 1;
    ao->neg_chap = 1;
    ao->chap_mdtype = chap_mdtype_all;
    ao->neg_upap = 1;
    ao->neg_eap = 1;
    ao->neg_magicnumber = 1;
    ao->neg_pcompression = 1;
    ao->neg_accompression = 1;
    ao->neg_endpoint = 1;
}


/*
 * lcp_open - LCP is allowed to come up.
 */
void
lcp_open(int unit)
{
    fsm *f = &lcp_fsm[unit];
    lcp_options *wo = &lcp_wantoptions[unit];

    f->flags &= ~(OPT_PASSIVE | OPT_SILENT);
    if (wo->passive)
        f->flags |= OPT_PASSIVE;
    if (wo->silent)
        f->flags |= OPT_SILENT;
    fsm_open(f);
}


/*
 * lcp_close - Take LCP down.
 */
void
lcp_close(int unit, char *reason)
{
    fsm *f = &lcp_fsm[unit];
    int oldstate;

    if (!in_phase(PHASE_DEAD) && !in_phase(PHASE_MASTER))
        new_phase(PHASE_TERMINATE);

    if (f->flags & DELAYED_UP) {
        UNTIMEOUT(lcp_delayed_up, f);
        f->state = STOPPED;
    }
    oldstate = f->state;

    fsm_close(f, reason);
    if (oldstate == STOPPED && f->flags & (OPT_PASSIVE|OPT_SILENT|DELAYED_UP)) {
        /*
         * This action is not strictly according to the FSM in RFC1548,
         * but it does mean that the program terminates if you do a
         * lcp_close() when a connection hasn't been established
         * because we are in passive/silent mode or because we have
         * delayed the fsm_lowerup() call and it hasn't happened yet.
         */
        f->flags &= ~DELAYED_UP;
        lcp_finished(f);
    }
}


/*
 * lcp_lowerup - The lower layer is up.
 */
void
lcp_lowerup(int unit)
{
    lcp_options *wo = &lcp_wantoptions[unit];
    fsm *f = &lcp_fsm[unit];

    /*
     * Don't use A/C or protocol compression on transmission,
     * but accept A/C and protocol compressed packets
     * if we are going to ask for A/C and protocol compression.
     */
    if (ppp_send_config(unit, PPP_MRU, 0xffffffff, 0, 0) < 0
        || ppp_recv_config(unit, PPP_MRU, (lax_recv? 0: 0xffffffff),
                           wo->neg_pcompression, wo->neg_accompression) < 0)
            return;
    peer_mru[unit] = PPP_MRU;

    if (listen_time != 0) {
        f->flags |= DELAYED_UP;
        ppp_timeout(lcp_delayed_up, f, 0, listen_time * 1000);
    } else
        fsm_lowerup(f);
}


/*
 * lcp_lowerdown - The lower layer is down.
 */
void
lcp_lowerdown(int unit)
{
    fsm *f = &lcp_fsm[unit];

    if (f->flags & DELAYED_UP) {
        f->flags &= ~DELAYED_UP;
        UNTIMEOUT(lcp_delayed_up, f);
    } else
        fsm_lowerdown(&lcp_fsm[unit]);
}


/*
 * lcp_delayed_up - Bring the lower layer up now.
 */
static void
lcp_delayed_up(void *arg)
{
    fsm *f = arg;

    if (f->flags & DELAYED_UP) {
        f->flags &= ~DELAYED_UP;
        fsm_lowerup(f);
    }
}


/*
 * lcp_input - Input LCP packet.
 */
static void
lcp_input(int unit, u_char *p, int len)
{
    fsm *f = &lcp_fsm[unit];

    if (f->flags & DELAYED_UP) {
        f->flags &= ~DELAYED_UP;
        UNTIMEOUT(lcp_delayed_up, f);
        fsm_lowerup(f);
    }
    fsm_input(f, p, len);
}

/*
 * lcp_extcode - Handle a LCP-specific code.
 */
static int
lcp_extcode(fsm *f, int code, int id, u_char *inp, int len)
{
    u_char *magp;

    switch( code ){
    case PROTREJ:
        lcp_rprotrej(f, inp, len);
        break;
    
    case ECHOREQ:
        if (f->state != OPENED)
            break;
        magp = inp;
        PUTLONG(lcp_gotoptions[f->unit].magicnumber, magp);
        fsm_sdata(f, ECHOREP, id, inp, len);
        break;
    
    case ECHOREP:
        lcp_received_echo_reply(f, id, inp, len);
        break;

    case DISCREQ:
    case IDENTIF:
    case TIMEREM:
        break;

    default:
        return 0;
    }
    return 1;
}

    
/*
 * lcp_rprotrej - Receive an Protocol-Reject.
 *
 * Figure out which protocol is rejected and inform it.
 */
static void
lcp_rprotrej(fsm *f, u_char *inp, int len)
{
    int i;
    struct protent *protp;
    u_short prot;
    const char *pname;

    if (len < 2) {
        LCPDEBUG(("lcp_rprotrej: Rcvd short Protocol-Reject packet!"));
        return;
    }

    GETSHORT(prot, inp);

    /*
     * Protocol-Reject packets received in any state other than the LCP
     * OPENED state SHOULD be silently discarded.
     */
    if( f->state != OPENED ){
        LCPDEBUG(("Protocol-Reject discarded: LCP in state %d", f->state));
        return;
    }

    pname = protocol_name(prot);

    /*
     * Upcall the proper Protocol-Reject routine.
     */
    for (i = 0; (protp = protocols[i]) != NULL; ++i)
        if (protp->protocol == prot && protp->enabled_flag) {
            if (pname == NULL)
                dbglog("Protocol-Reject for 0x%x received", prot);
            else
                dbglog("Protocol-Reject for '%s' (0x%x) received", pname,
                       prot);
            (*protp->protrej)(f->unit);
            return;
        }

    if (pname == NULL)
        warn("Protocol-Reject for unsupported protocol 0x%x", prot);
    else
        warn("Protocol-Reject for unsupported protocol '%s' (0x%x)", pname,
             prot);
}


/*
 * lcp_protrej - A Protocol-Reject was received.
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
static void
lcp_protrej(int unit)
{
    /*
     * Can't reject LCP!
     */
    error("Received Protocol-Reject for LCP!");
    fsm_protreject(&lcp_fsm[unit]);
}


/*
 * lcp_sprotrej - Send a Protocol-Reject for some protocol.
 */
void
lcp_sprotrej(int unit, u_char *p, int len)
{
    /*
     * Send back the protocol and the information field of the
     * rejected packet.  We only get here if LCP is in the OPENED state.
     */
    p += 2;
    len -= 2;

    fsm_sdata(&lcp_fsm[unit], PROTREJ, ++lcp_fsm[unit].id,
              p, len);
}


/*
 * lcp_resetci - Reset our CI.
 */
static void
lcp_resetci(fsm *f)
{
    lcp_options *wo = &lcp_wantoptions[f->unit];
    lcp_options *go = &lcp_gotoptions[f->unit];
    lcp_options *ao = &lcp_allowoptions[f->unit];

    wo->magicnumber = magic();
    wo->numloops = 0;
    *go = *wo;
    if (!multilink) {
        go->neg_mrru = 0;
        go->neg_ssnhf = 0;
        go->neg_endpoint = 0;
    }
    if (noendpoint)
        ao->neg_endpoint = 0;
    peer_mru[f->unit] = PPP_MRU;
    auth_reset(f->unit);
}


/*
 * lcp_cilen - Return length of our CI.
 */
static int
lcp_cilen(fsm *f)
{
    lcp_options *go = &lcp_gotoptions[f->unit];

#define LENCIVOID(neg)  ((neg) ? CILEN_VOID : 0)
#define LENCICHAP(neg)  ((neg) ? CILEN_CHAP : 0)
#define LENCISHORT(neg) ((neg) ? CILEN_SHORT : 0)
#define LENCILONG(neg)  ((neg) ? CILEN_LONG : 0)
#define LENCILQR(neg)   ((neg) ? CILEN_LQR: 0)
#define LENCICBCP(neg)  ((neg) ? CILEN_CBCP: 0)
    /*
     * NB: we only ask for one of CHAP, UPAP, or EAP, even if we will
     * accept more than one.  We prefer EAP first, then CHAP, then
     * PAP.
     */
    return (LENCISHORT(go->neg_mru && go->mru != DEFMRU) +
            LENCILONG(go->neg_asyncmap && go->asyncmap != 0xFFFFFFFF) +
            LENCISHORT(go->neg_eap) +
            LENCICHAP(!go->neg_eap && go->neg_chap) +
            LENCISHORT(!go->neg_eap && !go->neg_chap && go->neg_upap) +
            LENCILQR(go->neg_lqr) +
            LENCICBCP(go->neg_cbcp) +
            LENCILONG(go->neg_magicnumber) +
            LENCIVOID(go->neg_pcompression) +
            LENCIVOID(go->neg_accompression) +
            LENCISHORT(go->neg_mrru) +
            LENCIVOID(go->neg_ssnhf) +
            (go->neg_endpoint? CILEN_CHAR + go->endpoint.length: 0));
}


/*
 * lcp_addci - Add our desired CIs to a packet.
 */
static void
lcp_addci(fsm *f, u_char *ucp, int *lenp)
{
    lcp_options *go = &lcp_gotoptions[f->unit];
    u_char *start_ucp = ucp;

#define ADDCIVOID(opt, neg) \
    if (neg) { \
        PUTCHAR(opt, ucp); \
        PUTCHAR(CILEN_VOID, ucp); \
    }
#define ADDCISHORT(opt, neg, val) \
    if (neg) { \
        PUTCHAR(opt, ucp); \
        PUTCHAR(CILEN_SHORT, ucp); \
        PUTSHORT(val, ucp); \
    }
#define ADDCICHAP(opt, neg, val) \
    if (neg) { \
        PUTCHAR((opt), ucp); \
        PUTCHAR(CILEN_CHAP, ucp); \
        PUTSHORT(PPP_CHAP, ucp); \
        PUTCHAR((CHAP_DIGEST(val)), ucp); \
    }
#define ADDCILONG(opt, neg, val) \
    if (neg) { \
        PUTCHAR(opt, ucp); \
        PUTCHAR(CILEN_LONG, ucp); \
        PUTLONG(val, ucp); \
    }
#define ADDCILQR(opt, neg, val) \
    if (neg) { \
        PUTCHAR(opt, ucp); \
        PUTCHAR(CILEN_LQR, ucp); \
        PUTSHORT(PPP_LQR, ucp); \
        PUTLONG(val, ucp); \
    }
#define ADDCICHAR(opt, neg, val) \
    if (neg) { \
        PUTCHAR(opt, ucp); \
        PUTCHAR(CILEN_CHAR, ucp); \
        PUTCHAR(val, ucp); \
    }
#define ADDCIENDP(opt, neg, class, val, len) \
    if (neg) { \
        int i; \
        PUTCHAR(opt, ucp); \
        PUTCHAR(CILEN_CHAR + len, ucp); \
        PUTCHAR(class, ucp); \
        for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) \
            PUTCHAR(val[i], ucp); \
    }

    ADDCISHORT(CI_MRU, go->neg_mru && go->mru != DEFMRU, go->mru);
    ADDCILONG(CI_ASYNCMAP, go->neg_asyncmap && go->asyncmap != 0xFFFFFFFF,
              go->asyncmap);
    ADDCISHORT(CI_AUTHTYPE, go->neg_eap, PPP_EAP);
    ADDCICHAP(CI_AUTHTYPE, !go->neg_eap && go->neg_chap, go->chap_mdtype);
    ADDCISHORT(CI_AUTHTYPE, !go->neg_eap && !go->neg_chap && go->neg_upap,
               PPP_PAP);
    ADDCILQR(CI_QUALITY, go->neg_lqr, go->lqr_period);
    ADDCICHAR(CI_CALLBACK, go->neg_cbcp, CBCP_OPT);
    ADDCILONG(CI_MAGICNUMBER, go->neg_magicnumber, go->magicnumber);
    ADDCIVOID(CI_PCOMPRESSION, go->neg_pcompression);
    ADDCIVOID(CI_ACCOMPRESSION, go->neg_accompression);
    ADDCISHORT(CI_MRRU, go->neg_mrru, go->mrru);
    ADDCIVOID(CI_SSNHF, go->neg_ssnhf);
    ADDCIENDP(CI_EPDISC, go->neg_endpoint, go->endpoint.class,
              go->endpoint.value, go->endpoint.length);

    if (ucp - start_ucp != *lenp) {
        /* this should never happen, because peer_mtu should be 1500 */
        error("Bug in lcp_addci: wrong length");
    }
}


/*
 * lcp_ackci - Ack our CIs.
 * This should not modify any state if the Ack is bad.
 *
 * Returns:
 *      0 - Ack was bad.
 *      1 - Ack was good.
 */
static int
lcp_ackci(fsm *f, u_char *p, int len)
{
    lcp_options *go = &lcp_gotoptions[f->unit];
    u_char cilen, citype, cichar;
    u_short cishort;
    u_int32_t cilong;

    /*
     * CIs must be in exactly the same order that we sent.
     * Check packet length and CI length at each step.
     * If we find any deviations, then this packet is bad.
     */
#define ACKCIVOID(opt, neg) \
    if (neg) { \
        if ((len -= CILEN_VOID) < 0) \
            goto bad; \
        GETCHAR(citype, p); \
        GETCHAR(cilen, p); \
        if (cilen != CILEN_VOID || \
            citype != opt) \
            goto bad; \
    }
#define ACKCISHORT(opt, neg, val) \
    if (neg) { \
        if ((len -= CILEN_SHORT) < 0) \
            goto bad; \
        GETCHAR(citype, p); \
        GETCHAR(cilen, p); \
        if (cilen != CILEN_SHORT || \
            citype != opt) \
            goto bad; \
        GETSHORT(cishort, p); \
        if (cishort != val) \
            goto bad; \
    }
#define ACKCICHAR(opt, neg, val) \
    if (neg) { \
        if ((len -= CILEN_CHAR) < 0) \
            goto bad; \
        GETCHAR(citype, p); \
        GETCHAR(cilen, p); \
        if (cilen != CILEN_CHAR || \
            citype != opt) \
            goto bad; \
        GETCHAR(cichar, p); \
        if (cichar != val) \
            goto bad; \
    }
#define ACKCICHAP(opt, neg, val) \
    if (neg) { \
        if ((len -= CILEN_CHAP) < 0) \
            goto bad; \
        GETCHAR(citype, p); \
        GETCHAR(cilen, p); \
        if (cilen != CILEN_CHAP || \
            citype != (opt)) \
            goto bad; \
        GETSHORT(cishort, p); \
        if (cishort != PPP_CHAP) \
            goto bad; \
        GETCHAR(cichar, p); \
        if (cichar != (CHAP_DIGEST(val))) \
          goto bad; \
    }
#define ACKCILONG(opt, neg, val) \
    if (neg) { \
        if ((len -= CILEN_LONG) < 0) \
            goto bad; \
        GETCHAR(citype, p); \
        GETCHAR(cilen, p); \
        if (cilen != CILEN_LONG || \
            citype != opt) \
            goto bad; \
        GETLONG(cilong, p); \
        if (cilong != val) \
            goto bad; \
    }
#define ACKCILQR(opt, neg, val) \
    if (neg) { \
        if ((len -= CILEN_LQR) < 0) \
            goto bad; \
        GETCHAR(citype, p); \
        GETCHAR(cilen, p); \
        if (cilen != CILEN_LQR || \
            citype != opt) \
            goto bad; \
        GETSHORT(cishort, p); \
        if (cishort != PPP_LQR) \
            goto bad; \
        GETLONG(cilong, p); \
        if (cilong != val) \
          goto bad; \
    }
#define ACKCIENDP(opt, neg, class, val, vlen) \
    if (neg) { \
        int i; \
        if ((len -= CILEN_CHAR + vlen) < 0) \
            goto bad; \
        GETCHAR(citype, p); \
        GETCHAR(cilen, p); \
        if (cilen != CILEN_CHAR + vlen || \
            citype != opt) \
            goto bad; \
        GETCHAR(cichar, p); \
        if (cichar != class) \
            goto bad; \
        for (i = 0; i < vlen; ++i) { \
            GETCHAR(cichar, p); \
            if (cichar != val[i]) \
                goto bad; \
        } \
    }

    ACKCISHORT(CI_MRU, go->neg_mru && go->mru != DEFMRU, go->mru);
    ACKCILONG(CI_ASYNCMAP, go->neg_asyncmap && go->asyncmap != 0xFFFFFFFF,
              go->asyncmap);
    ACKCISHORT(CI_AUTHTYPE, go->neg_eap, PPP_EAP);
    ACKCICHAP(CI_AUTHTYPE, !go->neg_eap && go->neg_chap, go->chap_mdtype);
    ACKCISHORT(CI_AUTHTYPE, !go->neg_eap && !go->neg_chap && go->neg_upap,
               PPP_PAP);
    ACKCILQR(CI_QUALITY, go->neg_lqr, go->lqr_period);
    ACKCICHAR(CI_CALLBACK, go->neg_cbcp, CBCP_OPT);
    ACKCILONG(CI_MAGICNUMBER, go->neg_magicnumber, go->magicnumber);
    ACKCIVOID(CI_PCOMPRESSION, go->neg_pcompression);
    ACKCIVOID(CI_ACCOMPRESSION, go->neg_accompression);
    ACKCISHORT(CI_MRRU, go->neg_mrru, go->mrru);
    ACKCIVOID(CI_SSNHF, go->neg_ssnhf);
    ACKCIENDP(CI_EPDISC, go->neg_endpoint, go->endpoint.class,
              go->endpoint.value, go->endpoint.length);

    /*
     * If there are any remaining CIs, then this packet is bad.
     */
    if (len != 0)
        goto bad;
    return (1);
bad:
    LCPDEBUG(("lcp_acki: received bad Ack!"));
    return (0);
}


/*
 * lcp_nakci - Peer has sent a NAK for some of our CIs.
 * This should not modify any state if the Nak is bad
 * or if LCP is in the OPENED state.
 *
 * Returns:
 *      0 - Nak was bad.
 *      1 - Nak was good.
 */
static int
lcp_nakci(fsm *f, u_char *p, int len, int treat_as_reject)
{
    lcp_options *go = &lcp_gotoptions[f->unit];
    lcp_options *wo = &lcp_wantoptions[f->unit];
    u_char citype, cichar, *next;
    u_short cishort;
    u_int32_t cilong;
    lcp_options no;             /* options we've seen Naks for */
    lcp_options try;            /* options to request next time */
    int looped_back = 0;
    int cilen;

    BZERO(&no, sizeof(no));
    try = *go;

    /*
     * Any Nak'd CIs must be in exactly the same order that we sent.
     * Check packet length and CI length at each step.
     * If we find any deviations, then this packet is bad.
     */
#define NAKCIVOID(opt, neg) \
    if (go->neg && \
        len >= CILEN_VOID && \
        p[1] == CILEN_VOID && \
        p[0] == opt) { \
        len -= CILEN_VOID; \
        INCPTR(CILEN_VOID, p); \
        no.neg = 1; \
        try.neg = 0; \
    }
#define NAKCICHAP(opt, neg, code) \
    if (go->neg && \
        len >= CILEN_CHAP && \
        p[1] == CILEN_CHAP && \
        p[0] == opt) { \
        len -= CILEN_CHAP; \
        INCPTR(2, p); \
        GETSHORT(cishort, p); \
        GETCHAR(cichar, p); \
        no.neg = 1; \
        code \
    }
#define NAKCICHAR(opt, neg, code) \
    if (go->neg && \
        len >= CILEN_CHAR && \
        p[1] == CILEN_CHAR && \
        p[0] == opt) { \
        len -= CILEN_CHAR; \
        INCPTR(2, p); \
        GETCHAR(cichar, p); \
        no.neg = 1; \
        code \
    }
#define NAKCISHORT(opt, neg, code) \
    if (go->neg && \
        len >= CILEN_SHORT && \
        p[1] == CILEN_SHORT && \
        p[0] == opt) { \
        len -= CILEN_SHORT; \
        INCPTR(2, p); \
        GETSHORT(cishort, p); \
        no.neg = 1; \
        code \
    }
#define NAKCILONG(opt, neg, code) \
    if (go->neg && \
        len >= CILEN_LONG && \
        p[1] == CILEN_LONG && \
        p[0] == opt) { \
        len -= CILEN_LONG; \
        INCPTR(2, p); \
        GETLONG(cilong, p); \
        no.neg = 1; \
        code \
    }
#define NAKCILQR(opt, neg, code) \
    if (go->neg && \
        len >= CILEN_LQR && \
        p[1] == CILEN_LQR && \
        p[0] == opt) { \
        len -= CILEN_LQR; \
        INCPTR(2, p); \
        GETSHORT(cishort, p); \
        GETLONG(cilong, p); \
        no.neg = 1; \
        code \
    }
#define NAKCIENDP(opt, neg) \
    if (go->neg && \
        len >= CILEN_CHAR && \
        p[0] == opt && \
        p[1] >= CILEN_CHAR && \
        p[1] <= len) { \
        len -= p[1]; \
        INCPTR(p[1], p); \
        no.neg = 1; \
        try.neg = 0; \
    }

    /*
     * NOTE!  There must be no assignments to individual fields of *go in
     * the code below.  Any such assignment is a BUG!
     */
    /*
     * We don't care if they want to send us smaller packets than
     * we want.  Therefore, accept any MRU less than what we asked for,
     * but then ignore the new value when setting the MRU in the kernel.
     * If they send us a bigger MRU than what we asked, accept it, up to
     * the limit of the default MRU we'd get if we didn't negotiate.
     */
    if (go->neg_mru && go->mru != DEFMRU) {
        NAKCISHORT(CI_MRU, neg_mru,
                   if (cishort <= wo->mru || cishort <= DEFMRU)
                       try.mru = cishort;
                   );
    }

    /*
     * Add any characters they want to our (receive-side) asyncmap.
     */
    if (go->neg_asyncmap && go->asyncmap != 0xFFFFFFFF) {
        NAKCILONG(CI_ASYNCMAP, neg_asyncmap,
                  try.asyncmap = go->asyncmap | cilong;
                  );
    }

    /*
     * If they've nak'd our authentication-protocol, check whether
     * they are proposing a different protocol, or a different
     * hash algorithm for CHAP.
     */
    if ((go->neg_chap || go->neg_upap || go->neg_eap)
        && len >= CILEN_SHORT
        && p[0] == CI_AUTHTYPE && p[1] >= CILEN_SHORT && p[1] <= len) {
        cilen = p[1];
        len -= cilen;
        no.neg_chap = go->neg_chap;
        no.neg_upap = go->neg_upap;
        no.neg_eap = go->neg_eap;
        INCPTR(2, p);
        GETSHORT(cishort, p);
        if (cishort == PPP_PAP && cilen == CILEN_SHORT) {
            /* If we were asking for EAP, then we need to stop that. */
            if (go->neg_eap)
                try.neg_eap = 0;

            /* If we were asking for CHAP, then we need to stop that. */
            else if (go->neg_chap)
                try.neg_chap = 0;
            /*
             * If we weren't asking for CHAP or EAP, then we were asking for
             * PAP, in which case this Nak is bad.
             */
            else
                goto bad;

        } else if (cishort == PPP_CHAP && cilen == CILEN_CHAP) {
            GETCHAR(cichar, p);
            /* Stop asking for EAP, if we were. */
            if (go->neg_eap) {
                try.neg_eap = 0;
                /* Try to set up to use their suggestion, if possible */
                if (CHAP_CANDIGEST(go->chap_mdtype, cichar))
                    try.chap_mdtype = CHAP_MDTYPE_D(cichar);
            } else if (go->neg_chap) {
                /*
                 * We were asking for our preferred algorithm, they must
                 * want something different.
                 */
                if (cichar != CHAP_DIGEST(go->chap_mdtype)) {
                    if (CHAP_CANDIGEST(go->chap_mdtype, cichar)) {
                        /* Use their suggestion if we support it ... */
                        try.chap_mdtype = CHAP_MDTYPE_D(cichar);
                    } else {
                        /* ... otherwise, try our next-preferred algorithm. */
                        try.chap_mdtype &= ~(CHAP_MDTYPE(try.chap_mdtype));
                        if (try.chap_mdtype == MDTYPE_NONE) /* out of algos */
                            try.neg_chap = 0;
                    }
                } else {
                    /*
                     * Whoops, they Nak'd our algorithm of choice
                     * but then suggested it back to us.
                     */
                    goto bad;
                }
            } else {
                /*
                 * Stop asking for PAP if we were asking for it.
                 */
                try.neg_upap = 0;
            }

        } else {

            /*
             * If we were asking for EAP, and they're Conf-Naking EAP,
             * well, that's just strange.  Nobody should do that.
             */
            if (cishort == PPP_EAP && cilen == CILEN_SHORT && go->neg_eap)
                dbglog("Unexpected Conf-Nak for EAP");

            /*
             * We don't recognize what they're suggesting.
             * Stop asking for what we were asking for.
             */
            if (go->neg_eap)
                try.neg_eap = 0;
            else if (go->neg_chap)
                try.neg_chap = 0;
            else
                try.neg_upap = 0;
            p += cilen - CILEN_SHORT;
        }
    }

    /*
     * If they can't cope with our link quality protocol, we'll have
     * to stop asking for LQR.  We haven't got any other protocol.
     * If they Nak the reporting period, take their value XXX ?
     */
    NAKCILQR(CI_QUALITY, neg_lqr,
             if (cishort != PPP_LQR)
                 try.neg_lqr = 0;
             else
                 try.lqr_period = cilong;
             );

    /*
     * Only implementing CBCP...not the rest of the callback options
     */
    NAKCICHAR(CI_CALLBACK, neg_cbcp,
              try.neg_cbcp = 0;
              );

    /*
     * Check for a looped-back line.
     */
    NAKCILONG(CI_MAGICNUMBER, neg_magicnumber,
              try.magicnumber = magic();
              looped_back = 1;
              );

    /*
     * Peer shouldn't send Nak for protocol compression or
     * address/control compression requests; they should send
     * a Reject instead.  If they send a Nak, treat it as a Reject.
     */
    NAKCIVOID(CI_PCOMPRESSION, neg_pcompression);
    NAKCIVOID(CI_ACCOMPRESSION, neg_accompression);

    /*
     * Nak for MRRU option - accept their value if it is smaller
     * than the one we want.
     */
    if (go->neg_mrru) {
        NAKCISHORT(CI_MRRU, neg_mrru,
                   if (treat_as_reject)
                       try.neg_mrru = 0;
                   else if (cishort <= wo->mrru)
                       try.mrru = cishort;
                   );
    }

    /*
     * Nak for short sequence numbers shouldn't be sent, treat it
     * like a reject.
     */
    NAKCIVOID(CI_SSNHF, neg_ssnhf);

    /*
     * Nak of the endpoint discriminator option is not permitted,
     * treat it like a reject.
     */
    NAKCIENDP(CI_EPDISC, neg_endpoint);

    /*
     * There may be remaining CIs, if the peer is requesting negotiation
     * on an option that we didn't include in our request packet.
     * If we see an option that we requested, or one we've already seen
     * in this packet, then this packet is bad.
     * If we wanted to respond by starting to negotiate on the requested
     * option(s), we could, but we don't, because except for the
     * authentication type and quality protocol, if we are not negotiating
     * an option, it is because we were told not to.
     * For the authentication type, the Nak from the peer means
     * `let me authenticate myself with you' which is a bit pointless.
     * For the quality protocol, the Nak means `ask me to send you quality
     * reports', but if we didn't ask for them, we don't want them.
     * An option we don't recognize represents the peer asking to
     * negotiate some option we don't support, so ignore it.
     */
    while (len >= CILEN_VOID) {
        GETCHAR(citype, p);
        GETCHAR(cilen, p);
        if (cilen < CILEN_VOID || (len -= cilen) < 0)
            goto bad;
        next = p + cilen - 2;

        switch (citype) {
        case CI_MRU:
            if ((go->neg_mru && go->mru != DEFMRU)
                || no.neg_mru || cilen != CILEN_SHORT)
                goto bad;
            GETSHORT(cishort, p);
            if (cishort < DEFMRU) {
                try.neg_mru = 1;
                try.mru = cishort;
            }
            break;
        case CI_ASYNCMAP:
            if ((go->neg_asyncmap && go->asyncmap != 0xFFFFFFFF)
                || no.neg_asyncmap || cilen != CILEN_LONG)
                goto bad;
            break;
        case CI_AUTHTYPE:
            if (go->neg_chap || no.neg_chap || go->neg_upap || no.neg_upap ||
                go->neg_eap || no.neg_eap)
                goto bad;
            break;
        case CI_MAGICNUMBER:
            if (go->neg_magicnumber || no.neg_magicnumber ||
                cilen != CILEN_LONG)
                goto bad;
            break;
        case CI_PCOMPRESSION:
            if (go->neg_pcompression || no.neg_pcompression
                || cilen != CILEN_VOID)
                goto bad;
            break;
        case CI_ACCOMPRESSION:
            if (go->neg_accompression || no.neg_accompression
                || cilen != CILEN_VOID)
                goto bad;
            break;
        case CI_QUALITY:
            if (go->neg_lqr || no.neg_lqr || cilen != CILEN_LQR)
                goto bad;
            break;
        case CI_MRRU:
            if (go->neg_mrru || no.neg_mrru || cilen != CILEN_SHORT)
                goto bad;
            break;
        case CI_SSNHF:
            if (go->neg_ssnhf || no.neg_ssnhf || cilen != CILEN_VOID)
                goto bad;
            try.neg_ssnhf = 1;
            break;
        case CI_EPDISC:
            if (go->neg_endpoint || no.neg_endpoint || cilen < CILEN_CHAR)
                goto bad;
            break;
        }
        p = next;
    }

    /*
     * OK, the Nak is good.  Now we can update state.
     * If there are any options left we ignore them.
     */
    if (f->state != OPENED) {
        if (looped_back) {
            if (++try.numloops >= lcp_loopbackfail) {
                notice("Serial line is looped back.");
                ppp_set_status(EXIT_LOOPBACK);
                lcp_close(f->unit, "Loopback detected");
            }
        } else
            try.numloops = 0;
        *go = try;
    }

    return 1;

bad:
    LCPDEBUG(("lcp_nakci: received bad Nak!"));
    return 0;
}


/*
 * lcp_rejci - Peer has Rejected some of our CIs.
 * This should not modify any state if the Reject is bad
 * or if LCP is in the OPENED state.
 *
 * Returns:
 *      0 - Reject was bad.
 *      1 - Reject was good.
 */
static int
lcp_rejci(fsm *f, u_char *p, int len)
{
    lcp_options *go = &lcp_gotoptions[f->unit];
    u_char cichar;
    u_short cishort;
    u_int32_t cilong;
    lcp_options try;            /* options to request next time */

    try = *go;

    /*
     * Any Rejected CIs must be in exactly the same order that we sent.
     * Check packet length and CI length at each step.
     * If we find any deviations, then this packet is bad.
     */
#define REJCIVOID(opt, neg) \
    if (go->neg && \
        len >= CILEN_VOID && \
        p[1] == CILEN_VOID && \
        p[0] == opt) { \
        len -= CILEN_VOID; \
        INCPTR(CILEN_VOID, p); \
        try.neg = 0; \
    }
#define REJCISHORT(opt, neg, val) \
    if (go->neg && \
        len >= CILEN_SHORT && \
        p[1] == CILEN_SHORT && \
        p[0] == opt) { \
        len -= CILEN_SHORT; \
        INCPTR(2, p); \
        GETSHORT(cishort, p); \
        /* Check rejected value. */ \
        if (cishort != val) \
            goto bad; \
        try.neg = 0; \
    }
#define REJCICHAP(opt, neg, val) \
    if (go->neg && \
        len >= CILEN_CHAP && \
        p[1] == CILEN_CHAP && \
        p[0] == opt) { \
        len -= CILEN_CHAP; \
        INCPTR(2, p); \
        GETSHORT(cishort, p); \
        GETCHAR(cichar, p); \
        /* Check rejected value. */ \
        if ((cishort != PPP_CHAP) || (cichar != (CHAP_DIGEST(val)))) \
            goto bad; \
        try.neg = 0; \
        try.neg_eap = try.neg_upap = 0; \
    }
#define REJCILONG(opt, neg, val) \
    if (go->neg && \
        len >= CILEN_LONG && \
        p[1] == CILEN_LONG && \
        p[0] == opt) { \
        len -= CILEN_LONG; \
        INCPTR(2, p); \
        GETLONG(cilong, p); \
        /* Check rejected value. */ \
        if (cilong != val) \
            goto bad; \
        try.neg = 0; \
    }
#define REJCILQR(opt, neg, val) \
    if (go->neg && \
        len >= CILEN_LQR && \
        p[1] == CILEN_LQR && \
        p[0] == opt) { \
        len -= CILEN_LQR; \
        INCPTR(2, p); \
        GETSHORT(cishort, p); \
        GETLONG(cilong, p); \
        /* Check rejected value. */ \
        if (cishort != PPP_LQR || cilong != val) \
            goto bad; \
        try.neg = 0; \
    }
#define REJCICBCP(opt, neg, val) \
    if (go->neg && \
        len >= CILEN_CBCP && \
        p[1] == CILEN_CBCP && \
        p[0] == opt) { \
        len -= CILEN_CBCP; \
        INCPTR(2, p); \
        GETCHAR(cichar, p); \
        /* Check rejected value. */ \
        if (cichar != val) \
            goto bad; \
        try.neg = 0; \
    }
#define REJCIENDP(opt, neg, class, val, vlen) \
    if (go->neg && \
        len >= CILEN_CHAR + vlen && \
        p[0] == opt && \
        p[1] == CILEN_CHAR + vlen) { \
        int i; \
        len -= CILEN_CHAR + vlen; \
        INCPTR(2, p); \
        GETCHAR(cichar, p); \
        if (cichar != class) \
            goto bad; \
        for (i = 0; i < vlen; ++i) { \
            GETCHAR(cichar, p); \
            if (cichar != val[i]) \
                goto bad; \
        } \
        try.neg = 0; \
    }

    REJCISHORT(CI_MRU, neg_mru, go->mru);
    REJCILONG(CI_ASYNCMAP, neg_asyncmap, go->asyncmap);
    REJCISHORT(CI_AUTHTYPE, neg_eap, PPP_EAP);
    if (!go->neg_eap) {
        REJCICHAP(CI_AUTHTYPE, neg_chap, go->chap_mdtype);
        if (!go->neg_chap) {
            REJCISHORT(CI_AUTHTYPE, neg_upap, PPP_PAP);
        }
    }
    REJCILQR(CI_QUALITY, neg_lqr, go->lqr_period);
    REJCICBCP(CI_CALLBACK, neg_cbcp, CBCP_OPT);
    REJCILONG(CI_MAGICNUMBER, neg_magicnumber, go->magicnumber);
    REJCIVOID(CI_PCOMPRESSION, neg_pcompression);
    REJCIVOID(CI_ACCOMPRESSION, neg_accompression);
    REJCISHORT(CI_MRRU, neg_mrru, go->mrru);
    REJCIVOID(CI_SSNHF, neg_ssnhf);
    REJCIENDP(CI_EPDISC, neg_endpoint, go->endpoint.class,
              go->endpoint.value, go->endpoint.length);

    /*
     * If there are any remaining CIs, then this packet is bad.
     */
    if (len != 0)
        goto bad;
    /*
     * Now we can update state.
     */
    if (f->state != OPENED)
        *go = try;
    return 1;

bad:
    LCPDEBUG(("lcp_rejci: received bad Reject!"));
    return 0;
}


/*
 * lcp_reqci - Check the peer's requested CIs and send appropriate response.
 *
 * Returns: CONFACK, CONFNAK or CONFREJ and input packet modified
 * appropriately.  If reject_if_disagree is non-zero, doesn't return
 * CONFNAK; returns CONFREJ if it can't return CONFACK.
 */
static int
lcp_reqci(fsm *f, u_char *inp, int *lenp, int reject_if_disagree)
{
    lcp_options *go = &lcp_gotoptions[f->unit];
    lcp_options *ho = &lcp_hisoptions[f->unit];
    lcp_options *ao = &lcp_allowoptions[f->unit];
    u_char *cip, *next;         /* Pointer to current and next CIs */
    int cilen, citype, cichar;  /* Parsed len, type, char value */
    u_short cishort;            /* Parsed short value */
    u_int32_t cilong;           /* Parse long value */
    int rc = CONFACK;           /* Final packet return code */
    int orc;                    /* Individual option return code */
    u_char *p;                  /* Pointer to next char to parse */
    u_char *rejp;               /* Pointer to next char in reject frame */
    u_char *nakp;               /* Pointer to next char in Nak frame */
    int l = *lenp;              /* Length left */

    /*
     * Reset all his options.
     */
    BZERO(ho, sizeof(*ho));

    /*
     * Process all his options.
     */
    next = inp;
    nakp = nak_buffer;
    rejp = inp;
    while (l) {
        orc = CONFACK;                  /* Assume success */
        cip = p = next;                 /* Remember begining of CI */
        if (l < 2 ||                    /* Not enough data for CI header or */
            p[1] < 2 ||                 /*  CI length too small or */
            p[1] > l) {                 /*  CI length too big? */
            LCPDEBUG(("lcp_reqci: bad CI length!"));
            orc = CONFREJ;              /* Reject bad CI */
            cilen = l;                  /* Reject till end of packet */
            l = 0;                      /* Don't loop again */
            citype = 0;
            goto endswitch;
        }
        GETCHAR(citype, p);             /* Parse CI type */
        GETCHAR(cilen, p);              /* Parse CI length */
        l -= cilen;                     /* Adjust remaining length */
        next += cilen;                  /* Step to next CI */

        switch (citype) {               /* Check CI type */
        case CI_MRU:
            if (!ao->neg_mru ||         /* Allow option? */
                cilen != CILEN_SHORT) { /* Check CI length */
                orc = CONFREJ;          /* Reject CI */
                break;
            }
            GETSHORT(cishort, p);       /* Parse MRU */

            /*
             * He must be able to receive at least our minimum.
             * No need to check a maximum.  If he sends a large number,
             * we'll just ignore it.
             */
            if (cishort < MINMRU) {
                orc = CONFNAK;          /* Nak CI */
                PUTCHAR(CI_MRU, nakp);
                PUTCHAR(CILEN_SHORT, nakp);
                PUTSHORT(MINMRU, nakp); /* Give him a hint */
                break;
            }
            ho->neg_mru = 1;            /* Remember he sent MRU */
            ho->mru = cishort;          /* And remember value */
            break;

        case CI_ASYNCMAP:
            if (!ao->neg_asyncmap ||
                cilen != CILEN_LONG) {
                orc = CONFREJ;
                break;
            }
            GETLONG(cilong, p);

            /*
             * Asyncmap must have set at least the bits
             * which are set in lcp_allowoptions[unit].asyncmap.
             */
            if ((ao->asyncmap & ~cilong) != 0) {
                orc = CONFNAK;
                PUTCHAR(CI_ASYNCMAP, nakp);
                PUTCHAR(CILEN_LONG, nakp);
                PUTLONG(ao->asyncmap | cilong, nakp);
                break;
            }
            ho->neg_asyncmap = 1;
            ho->asyncmap = cilong;
            break;

        case CI_AUTHTYPE:
            if (cilen < CILEN_SHORT ||
                !(ao->neg_upap || ao->neg_chap || ao->neg_eap)) {
                /*
                 * Reject the option if we're not willing to authenticate.
                 */
                dbglog("No auth is possible");
                orc = CONFREJ;
                break;
            }
            GETSHORT(cishort, p);

            /*
             * Authtype must be PAP, CHAP, or EAP.
             *
             * Note: if more than one of ao->neg_upap, ao->neg_chap, and
             * ao->neg_eap are set, and the peer sends a Configure-Request
             * with two or more authenticate-protocol requests, then we will
             * reject the second request.
             * Whether we end up doing CHAP, UPAP, or EAP depends then on
             * the ordering of the CIs in the peer's Configure-Request.
             */

            if (cishort == PPP_PAP) {
                /* we've already accepted CHAP or EAP */
                if (ho->neg_chap || ho->neg_eap ||
                    cilen != CILEN_SHORT) {
                    LCPDEBUG(("lcp_reqci: rcvd AUTHTYPE PAP, rejecting..."));
                    orc = CONFREJ;
                    break;
                }
                if (!ao->neg_upap) {    /* we don't want to do PAP */
                    orc = CONFNAK;      /* NAK it and suggest CHAP or EAP */
                    PUTCHAR(CI_AUTHTYPE, nakp);
                    if (ao->neg_eap) {
                        PUTCHAR(CILEN_SHORT, nakp);
                        PUTSHORT(PPP_EAP, nakp);
                    } else {
                        PUTCHAR(CILEN_CHAP, nakp);
                        PUTSHORT(PPP_CHAP, nakp);
                        PUTCHAR(CHAP_DIGEST(ao->chap_mdtype), nakp);
                    }
                    break;
                }
                ho->neg_upap = 1;
                break;
            }
            if (cishort == PPP_CHAP) {
                /* we've already accepted PAP or EAP */
                if (ho->neg_upap || ho->neg_eap ||
                    cilen != CILEN_CHAP) {
                    LCPDEBUG(("lcp_reqci: rcvd AUTHTYPE CHAP, rejecting..."));
                    orc = CONFREJ;
                    break;
                }
                if (!ao->neg_chap) {    /* we don't want to do CHAP */
                    orc = CONFNAK;      /* NAK it and suggest EAP or PAP */
                    PUTCHAR(CI_AUTHTYPE, nakp);
                    PUTCHAR(CILEN_SHORT, nakp);
                    if (ao->neg_eap) {
                        PUTSHORT(PPP_EAP, nakp);
                    } else {
                        PUTSHORT(PPP_PAP, nakp);
                    }
                    break;
                }
                GETCHAR(cichar, p);     /* get digest type */
                if (!(CHAP_CANDIGEST(ao->chap_mdtype, cichar))) {
                    /*
                     * We can't/won't do the requested type,
                     * suggest something else.
                     */
                    orc = CONFNAK;
                    PUTCHAR(CI_AUTHTYPE, nakp);
                    PUTCHAR(CILEN_CHAP, nakp);
                    PUTSHORT(PPP_CHAP, nakp);
                    PUTCHAR(CHAP_DIGEST(ao->chap_mdtype), nakp);
                    break;
                }
                ho->chap_mdtype = CHAP_MDTYPE_D(cichar); /* save md type */
                ho->neg_chap = 1;
                break;
            }
            if (cishort == PPP_EAP) {
                /* we've already accepted CHAP or PAP */
                if (ho->neg_chap || ho->neg_upap || cilen != CILEN_SHORT) {
                    LCPDEBUG(("lcp_reqci: rcvd AUTHTYPE EAP, rejecting..."));
                    orc = CONFREJ;
                    break;
                }
                if (!ao->neg_eap) {     /* we don't want to do EAP */
                    orc = CONFNAK;      /* NAK it and suggest CHAP or PAP */
                    PUTCHAR(CI_AUTHTYPE, nakp);
                    if (ao->neg_chap) {
                        PUTCHAR(CILEN_CHAP, nakp);
                        PUTSHORT(PPP_CHAP, nakp);
                        PUTCHAR(CHAP_DIGEST(ao->chap_mdtype), nakp);
                    } else {
                        PUTCHAR(CILEN_SHORT, nakp);
                        PUTSHORT(PPP_PAP, nakp);
                    }
                    break;
                }
                ho->neg_eap = 1;
                break;
            }

            /*
             * We don't recognize the protocol they're asking for.
             * Nak it with something we're willing to do.
             * (At this point we know ao->neg_upap || ao->neg_chap ||
             * ao->neg_eap.)
             */
            orc = CONFNAK;
            PUTCHAR(CI_AUTHTYPE, nakp);
            if (ao->neg_eap) {
                PUTCHAR(CILEN_SHORT, nakp);
                PUTSHORT(PPP_EAP, nakp);
            } else if (ao->neg_chap) {
                PUTCHAR(CILEN_CHAP, nakp);
                PUTSHORT(PPP_CHAP, nakp);
                PUTCHAR(CHAP_DIGEST(ao->chap_mdtype), nakp);
            } else {
                PUTCHAR(CILEN_SHORT, nakp);
                PUTSHORT(PPP_PAP, nakp);
            }
            break;

        case CI_QUALITY:
            if (!ao->neg_lqr ||
                cilen != CILEN_LQR) {
                orc = CONFREJ;
                break;
            }

            GETSHORT(cishort, p);
            GETLONG(cilong, p);

            /*
             * Check the protocol and the reporting period.
             * XXX When should we Nak this, and what with?
             */
            if (cishort != PPP_LQR) {
                orc = CONFNAK;
                PUTCHAR(CI_QUALITY, nakp);
                PUTCHAR(CILEN_LQR, nakp);
                PUTSHORT(PPP_LQR, nakp);
                PUTLONG(ao->lqr_period, nakp);
                break;
            }
            break;

        case CI_MAGICNUMBER:
            if (!(ao->neg_magicnumber || go->neg_magicnumber) ||
                cilen != CILEN_LONG) {
                orc = CONFREJ;
                break;
            }
            GETLONG(cilong, p);

            /*
             * He must have a different magic number.
             */
            if (go->neg_magicnumber &&
                cilong == go->magicnumber) {
                cilong = magic();       /* Don't put magic() inside macro! */
                orc = CONFNAK;
                PUTCHAR(CI_MAGICNUMBER, nakp);
                PUTCHAR(CILEN_LONG, nakp);
                PUTLONG(cilong, nakp);
                break;
            }
            ho->neg_magicnumber = 1;
            ho->magicnumber = cilong;
            break;


        case CI_PCOMPRESSION:
            if (!ao->neg_pcompression ||
                cilen != CILEN_VOID) {
                orc = CONFREJ;
                break;
            }
            ho->neg_pcompression = 1;
            break;

        case CI_ACCOMPRESSION:
            if (!ao->neg_accompression ||
                cilen != CILEN_VOID) {
                orc = CONFREJ;
                break;
            }
            ho->neg_accompression = 1;
            break;

        case CI_MRRU:
            if (!ao->neg_mrru || !multilink ||
                cilen != CILEN_SHORT) {
                orc = CONFREJ;
                break;
            }

            GETSHORT(cishort, p);
            /* possibly should insist on a minimum/maximum MRRU here */
            ho->neg_mrru = 1;
            ho->mrru = cishort;
            break;

        case CI_SSNHF:
            if (!ao->neg_ssnhf || !multilink ||
                cilen != CILEN_VOID) {
                orc = CONFREJ;
                break;
            }
            ho->neg_ssnhf = 1;
            break;

        case CI_EPDISC:
            if (!ao->neg_endpoint ||
                cilen < CILEN_CHAR ||
                cilen > CILEN_CHAR + MAX_ENDP_LEN) {
                orc = CONFREJ;
                break;
            }
            GETCHAR(cichar, p);
            cilen -= CILEN_CHAR;
            ho->neg_endpoint = 1;
            ho->endpoint.class = cichar;
            ho->endpoint.length = cilen;
            BCOPY(p, ho->endpoint.value, cilen);
            INCPTR(cilen, p);
            break;

        default:
            LCPDEBUG(("lcp_reqci: rcvd unknown option %d", citype));
            orc = CONFREJ;
            break;
        }

endswitch:
        if (orc == CONFACK &&           /* Good CI */
            rc != CONFACK)              /*  but prior CI wasnt? */
            continue;                   /* Don't send this one */

        if (orc == CONFNAK) {           /* Nak this CI? */
            if (reject_if_disagree      /* Getting fed up with sending NAKs? */
                && citype != CI_MAGICNUMBER) {
                orc = CONFREJ;          /* Get tough if so */
            } else {
                if (rc == CONFREJ)      /* Rejecting prior CI? */
                    continue;           /* Don't send this one */
                rc = CONFNAK;
            }
        }
        if (orc == CONFREJ) {           /* Reject this CI */
            rc = CONFREJ;
            if (cip != rejp)            /* Need to move rejected CI? */
                BCOPY(cip, rejp, cilen); /* Move it */
            INCPTR(cilen, rejp);        /* Update output pointer */
        }
    }

    /*
     * If we wanted to send additional NAKs (for unsent CIs), the
     * code would go here.  The extra NAKs would go at *nakp.
     * At present there are no cases where we want to ask the
     * peer to negotiate an option.
     */

    switch (rc) {
    case CONFACK:
        *lenp = next - inp;
        break;
    case CONFNAK:
        /*
         * Copy the Nak'd options from the nak_buffer to the caller's buffer.
         */
        *lenp = nakp - nak_buffer;
        BCOPY(nak_buffer, inp, *lenp);
        break;
    case CONFREJ:
        *lenp = rejp - inp;
        break;
    }

    LCPDEBUG(("lcp_reqci: returning CONF%s.", CODENAME(rc)));
    return (rc);                        /* Return final code */
}


/*
 * lcp_up - LCP has come UP.
 */
static void
lcp_up(fsm *f)
{
    lcp_options *wo = &lcp_wantoptions[f->unit];
    lcp_options *ho = &lcp_hisoptions[f->unit];
    lcp_options *go = &lcp_gotoptions[f->unit];
    lcp_options *ao = &lcp_allowoptions[f->unit];
    int mtu, mru;

    if (!go->neg_magicnumber)
        go->magicnumber = 0;
    if (!ho->neg_magicnumber)
        ho->magicnumber = 0;

    /*
     * Set our MTU to the smaller of the MTU we wanted and
     * the MRU our peer wanted.  If we negotiated an MRU,
     * set our MRU to the larger of value we wanted and
     * the value we got in the negotiation.
     * Note on the MTU: the link MTU can be the MRU the peer wanted,
     * the interface MTU is set to the lowest of that, the
     * MTU we want to use, and our link MRU.
     */
    mtu = ho->neg_mru? ho->mru: PPP_MRU;
    mru = go->neg_mru? MAX(wo->mru, go->mru): PPP_MRU;
#ifdef PPP_WITH_MULTILINK
    if (!(multilink && go->neg_mrru && ho->neg_mrru))
#endif /* PPP_WITH_MULTILINK */
        ppp_set_mtu(f->unit, MIN(MIN(mtu, mru), ao->mru));
    ppp_send_config(f->unit, mtu,
                    (ho->neg_asyncmap? ho->asyncmap: 0xffffffff),
                    ho->neg_pcompression, ho->neg_accompression);
    ppp_recv_config(f->unit, mru,
                    (lax_recv? 0: go->neg_asyncmap? go->asyncmap: 0xffffffff),
                    go->neg_pcompression, go->neg_accompression);

    if (ho->neg_mru)
        peer_mru[f->unit] = ho->mru;

    lcp_echo_lowerup(f->unit);  /* Enable echo messages */

    link_established(f->unit);
}


/*
 * lcp_down - LCP has gone DOWN.
 *
 * Alert other protocols.
 */
static void
lcp_down(fsm *f)
{
    lcp_options *go = &lcp_gotoptions[f->unit];

    lcp_echo_lowerdown(f->unit);

    link_down(f->unit);

    ppp_send_config(f->unit, PPP_MRU, 0xffffffff, 0, 0);
    ppp_recv_config(f->unit, PPP_MRU,
                    (go->neg_asyncmap? go->asyncmap: 0xffffffff),
                    go->neg_pcompression, go->neg_accompression);
    peer_mru[f->unit] = PPP_MRU;
}


/*
 * lcp_starting - LCP needs the lower layer up.
 */
static void
lcp_starting(fsm *f)
{
    link_required(f->unit);
}


/*
 * lcp_finished - LCP has finished with the lower layer.
 */
static void
lcp_finished(fsm *f)
{
    link_terminated(f->unit);
}


/*
 * lcp_printpkt - print the contents of an LCP packet.
 */
static char *lcp_codenames[] = {
    "ConfReq", "ConfAck", "ConfNak", "ConfRej",
    "TermReq", "TermAck", "CodeRej", "ProtRej",
    "EchoReq", "EchoRep", "DiscReq", "Ident",
    "TimeRem"
};

static int
lcp_printpkt(u_char *p, int plen, void (*printer)(void *, char *, ...), void *arg)
{
    int code, id, len, olen, i;
    u_char *pstart, *optend;
    u_short cishort;
    u_int32_t cilong;

    if (plen < HEADERLEN)
        return 0;
    pstart = p;
    GETCHAR(code, p);
    GETCHAR(id, p);
    GETSHORT(len, p);
    if (len < HEADERLEN || len > plen)
        return 0;

    if (code >= 1 && code <= sizeof(lcp_codenames) / sizeof(char *))
        printer(arg, " %s", lcp_codenames[code-1]);
    else
        printer(arg, " code=0x%x", code);
    printer(arg, " id=0x%x", id);
    len -= HEADERLEN;
    switch (code) {
    case CONFREQ:
    case CONFACK:
    case CONFNAK:
    case CONFREJ:
        /* print option list */
        while (len >= 2) {
            GETCHAR(code, p);
            GETCHAR(olen, p);
            p -= 2;
            if (olen < 2 || olen > len) {
                break;
            }
            printer(arg, " <");
            len -= olen;
            optend = p + olen;
            switch (code) {
            case CI_MRU:
                if (olen == CILEN_SHORT) {
                    p += 2;
                    GETSHORT(cishort, p);
                    printer(arg, "mru %d", cishort);
                }
                break;
            case CI_ASYNCMAP:
                if (olen == CILEN_LONG) {
                    p += 2;
                    GETLONG(cilong, p);
                    printer(arg, "asyncmap 0x%x", cilong);
                }
                break;
            case CI_AUTHTYPE:
                if (olen >= CILEN_SHORT) {
                    p += 2;
                    printer(arg, "auth ");
                    GETSHORT(cishort, p);
                    switch (cishort) {
                    case PPP_PAP:
                        printer(arg, "pap");
                        break;
                    case PPP_CHAP:
                        printer(arg, "chap");
                        if (p < optend) {
                            switch (*p) {
                            case CHAP_MD5:
                                printer(arg, " MD5");
                                ++p;
                                break;
                            case CHAP_MICROSOFT:
                                printer(arg, " MS");
                                ++p;
                                break;

                            case CHAP_MICROSOFT_V2:
                                printer(arg, " MS-v2");
                                ++p;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                        break;
                    case PPP_EAP:
                        printer(arg, "eap");
                        break;
                    default:
                        printer(arg, "0x%x", cishort);
                    }
                }
                break;
            case CI_QUALITY:
                if (olen >= CILEN_SHORT) {
                    p += 2;
                    printer(arg, "quality ");
                    GETSHORT(cishort, p);
                    switch (cishort) {
                    case PPP_LQR:
                        printer(arg, "lqr");
                        break;
                    default:
                        printer(arg, "0x%x", cishort);
                    }
                }
                break;
            case CI_CALLBACK:
                if (olen >= CILEN_CHAR) {
                    p += 2;
                    printer(arg, "callback ");
                    GETCHAR(cishort, p);
                    switch (cishort) {
                    case CBCP_OPT:
                        printer(arg, "CBCP");
                        break;
                    default:
                        printer(arg, "0x%x", cishort);
                    }
                }
                break;
            case CI_MAGICNUMBER:
                if (olen == CILEN_LONG) {
                    p += 2;
                    GETLONG(cilong, p);
                    printer(arg, "magic 0x%x", cilong);
                }
                break;
            case CI_PCOMPRESSION:
                if (olen == CILEN_VOID) {
                    p += 2;
                    printer(arg, "pcomp");
                }
                break;
            case CI_ACCOMPRESSION:
                if (olen == CILEN_VOID) {
                    p += 2;
                    printer(arg, "accomp");
                }
                break;
            case CI_MRRU:
                if (olen == CILEN_SHORT) {
                    p += 2;
                    GETSHORT(cishort, p);
                    printer(arg, "mrru %d", cishort);
                }
                break;
            case CI_SSNHF:
                if (olen == CILEN_VOID) {
                    p += 2;
                    printer(arg, "ssnhf");
                }
                break;
            case CI_EPDISC:
#ifdef PPP_WITH_MULTILINK
                if (olen >= CILEN_CHAR) {
                    struct epdisc epd;
                    p += 2;
                    GETCHAR(epd.class, p);
                    epd.length = olen - CILEN_CHAR;
                    if (epd.length > MAX_ENDP_LEN)
                        epd.length = MAX_ENDP_LEN;
                    if (epd.length > 0) {
                        BCOPY(p, epd.value, epd.length);
                        p += epd.length;
                    }
                    printer(arg, "endpoint [%s]", epdisc_to_str(&epd));
                }
#else
                printer(arg, "endpoint");
#endif
                break;
            }
            while (p < optend) {
                GETCHAR(code, p);
                printer(arg, " %.2x", code);
            }
            printer(arg, ">");
        }
        break;

    case TERMACK:
    case TERMREQ:
        if (len > 0 && *p >= ' ' && *p < 0x7f) {
            printer(arg, " ");
            print_string((char *)p, len, printer, arg);
            p += len;
            len = 0;
        }
        break;

    case ECHOREQ:
    case ECHOREP:
    case DISCREQ:
        if (len >= 4) {
            GETLONG(cilong, p);
            printer(arg, " magic=0x%x", cilong);
            len -= 4;
        }
        break;

    case IDENTIF:
    case TIMEREM:
        if (len >= 4) {
            GETLONG(cilong, p);
            printer(arg, " magic=0x%x", cilong);
            len -= 4;
        }
        if (code == TIMEREM) {
            if (len < 4)
                break;
            GETLONG(cilong, p);
            printer(arg, " seconds=%u", cilong);
            len -= 4;
        }
        if (len > 0) {
            printer(arg, " ");
            print_string((char *)p, len, printer, arg);
            p += len;
            len = 0;
        }
        break;
    }

    /* print the rest of the bytes in the packet */
    for (i = 0; i < len && i < 32; ++i) {
        GETCHAR(code, p);
        printer(arg, " %.2x", code);
    }
    if (i < len) {
        printer(arg, " ...");
        p += len - i;
    }

    return p - pstart;
}

/*
 * Time to shut down the link because there is nothing out there.
 */

static
void LcpLinkFailure (fsm *f)
{
    if (f->state == OPENED) {
        info("No response to %d echo-requests", lcp_echos_pending);
        notice("Serial link appears to be disconnected.");
        ppp_set_status(EXIT_PEER_DEAD);
        lcp_close(f->unit, "Peer not responding");
    }
}

/*
 * Timer expired for the LCP echo requests from this process.
 */

static void
LcpEchoCheck (fsm *f)
{
    LcpSendEchoRequest (f);
    if (f->state != OPENED)
        return;

    /*
     * Start the timer for the next interval.
     */
    if (lcp_echo_timer_running)
        warn("assertion lcp_echo_timer_running==0 failed");
    TIMEOUT (LcpEchoTimeout, f, lcp_echo_interval);
    lcp_echo_timer_running = 1;
}

/*
 * LcpEchoTimeout - Timer expired on the LCP echo
 */

static void
LcpEchoTimeout (void *arg)
{
    if (lcp_echo_timer_running != 0) {
        lcp_echo_timer_running = 0;
        LcpEchoCheck ((fsm *) arg);
    }
}

/*
 * Log the round-trip time (RTT) of the received LCP echo-request.
 *
 * The header section at the beginning of lcp_rtt_file contains
 * LCP_RTT_HEADER_LENGTH fields, each a u_int32_t in network byte order:
 * [0] LCP_RTT_MAGIC
 * [1] status (1: the file is open and is being written)
 * [2] index of the most recently updated element
 * [3] the value of the lcp-echo-interval parameter
 *
 * The header is followed by a ring buffer of LCP_RTT_ELEMENTS elements, each
 * containing a pair of u_int32_t in network byte order with this content:
 * [0] UNIX timestamp
 * [1] bits 24-31: the number of lost LCP echo replies
 *     bits 0-23:  the measured RTT in microseconds
 *
 * The timestamp is unsigned to support storing dates beyond 2038.
 *
 * Consumers of lcp_rtt_file are expected to:
 * - read the complete file of arbitrary length
 * - check the magic number
 * - process the data elements starting at the index
 * - ignore any elements with a timestamp of 0
 */
static void
lcp_rtt_update_buffer (unsigned long rtt)
{
    volatile u_int32_t *const ring_header = lcp_rtt_buffer;
    volatile u_int32_t *const ring_buffer = lcp_rtt_buffer
        + LCP_RTT_HEADER_LENGTH;
    unsigned int next_entry, lost;

    /* choose the next entry where the data will be stored */
    if (ntohl(ring_header[2]) >= (LCP_RTT_ELEMENTS - 1) * 2)
        next_entry = 0;                         /* go back to the beginning */
    else
        next_entry = ntohl(ring_header[2]) + 2; /* use the next one */

    /* update the data element */
    /* storing the timestamp in an *unsigned* long allows dates up to 2106 */
    ring_buffer[next_entry] = htonl((u_int32_t) time(NULL));
    lost = lcp_echos_pending - 1;
    if (lost > 0xFF)
        lost = 0xFF;            /* truncate the lost packets count to 256 */
    if (rtt > 0xFFFFFF)
        rtt = 0xFFFFFF;         /* truncate the RTT to 16777216 */
    /* use bits 24-31 for the lost packets count and bits 0-23 for the RTT */
    ring_buffer[next_entry + 1] = htonl((u_int32_t) ((lost << 24) + rtt));

    /* update the pointer to the (just updated) most current data element */
    ring_header[2] = htonl(next_entry);

    /* In theory, CPUs implementing a weakly-consistent memory model do not
     * guarantee that these three memory store operations to the buffer will
     * be seen in the same order by the reader process.
     * This means that a process reading the file could see the index
     * having been updated before the element that the index points to had
     * been written.
     * But in practice we expect that the read(2) system call used by
     * consumers processes is atomic with respect to the following msync(2)
     * call, so we ignore the issue.
     */

    if (msync(lcp_rtt_buffer, LCP_RTT_FILE_SIZE, MS_ASYNC) < 0)
        error("msync() for %s failed: %m", lcp_rtt_file);
}

/*
 * LcpEchoReply - LCP has received a reply to the echo
 */

static void
lcp_received_echo_reply (fsm *f, int id, u_char *inp, int len)
{
    u_int32_t magic;

    /* Check the magic number - don't count replies from ourselves. */
    if (len < 4) {
        dbglog("lcp: received short Echo-Reply, length %d", len);
        return;
    }
    GETLONG(magic, inp);
    if (lcp_gotoptions[f->unit].neg_magicnumber
        && magic == lcp_gotoptions[f->unit].magicnumber) {
        warn("appear to have received our own echo-reply!");
        return;
    }

    if (lcp_rtt_file_fd && len >= 16) {
        long lcp_rtt_magic;

        /*
         * If the magic word is found at the beginning of the data section
         * of the frame then read the timestamp which follows and subtract
         * it from the current time to compute the round trip time.
         */
        GETLONG(lcp_rtt_magic, inp);
        if (lcp_rtt_magic == LCP_RTT_MAGIC) {
            struct timespec ts;
            unsigned long req_sec, req_nsec, rtt;

            clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
            GETLONG(req_sec, inp);
            GETLONG(req_nsec, inp);
            /* compute the RTT in microseconds */
            rtt = (ts.tv_sec - req_sec) * 1000000
                + (ts.tv_nsec / 1000 - req_nsec / 1000);
            /* log the RTT */
            lcp_rtt_update_buffer(rtt);
        }
    }

    /* Reset the number of outstanding echo frames */
    lcp_echos_pending = 0;
}

/*
 * LcpSendEchoRequest - Send an echo request frame to the peer
 */

static void
LcpSendEchoRequest (fsm *f)
{
    u_int32_t lcp_magic;
    u_char pkt[16], *pktp;

    /*
     * Detect the failure of the peer at this point.
     */
    if (lcp_echo_fails != 0) {
        if (lcp_echos_pending >= lcp_echo_fails) {
            LcpLinkFailure(f);
            lcp_echos_pending = 0;
        }
    }

    /*
     * If adaptive echos have been enabled, only send the echo request if
     * no traffic was received since the last one.
     */
    if (lcp_echo_adaptive) {
        static unsigned int last_pkts_in = 0;
        struct pppd_stats cur_stats;

        if (get_ppp_stats(f->unit, &cur_stats) && cur_stats.pkts_in != last_pkts_in) {
            last_pkts_in = cur_stats.pkts_in;
            /* receipt of traffic indicates the link is working... */
            lcp_echos_pending = 0;
            return;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Make and send the echo request frame.
     */
    if (f->state == OPENED) {
        lcp_magic = lcp_gotoptions[f->unit].magicnumber;
        pktp = pkt;
        PUTLONG(lcp_magic, pktp);

        /* Put a timestamp in the data section of the frame */
        if (lcp_rtt_file_fd) {
            struct timespec ts;

            PUTLONG(LCP_RTT_MAGIC, pktp);
            clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
            PUTLONG((u_int32_t)ts.tv_sec, pktp);
            PUTLONG((u_int32_t)ts.tv_nsec, pktp);
        }

        fsm_sdata(f, ECHOREQ, lcp_echo_number++ & 0xFF, pkt, pktp - pkt);
        ++lcp_echos_pending;
    }
}

static void
lcp_rtt_open_file (void)
{
    volatile u_int32_t *ring_header;

    if (!lcp_rtt_file)
        return;

    lcp_rtt_file_fd = open(lcp_rtt_file, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0644);
    if (lcp_rtt_file_fd < 0) {
        error("Can't open the RTT log file %s: %m", lcp_rtt_file);
        lcp_rtt_file_fd = 0;
        return;
    }

    if (ftruncate(lcp_rtt_file_fd, LCP_RTT_FILE_SIZE) < 0)
        fatal("ftruncate() of %s failed: %m", lcp_rtt_file);
    lcp_rtt_buffer = mmap(0, LCP_RTT_FILE_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
            MAP_SHARED, lcp_rtt_file_fd, 0);
    if (lcp_rtt_buffer == MAP_FAILED)
        fatal("mmap() of %s failed: %m", lcp_rtt_file);
    ring_header = lcp_rtt_buffer;

    /* initialize the ring buffer */
    if (ring_header[0] != htonl(LCP_RTT_MAGIC)) {
        memset(lcp_rtt_buffer, 0, LCP_RTT_FILE_SIZE);
        ring_header[0] = htonl(LCP_RTT_MAGIC);
    }

    ring_header[3] = htonl(lcp_echo_interval);
    ring_header[1] = htonl(1); /* status: LCP up, file opened */
}

static void
lcp_rtt_close_file (void)
{
    volatile u_int32_t *const ring_header = lcp_rtt_buffer;

    if (!lcp_rtt_file_fd)
        return;

    ring_header[1] = htonl(0); /* status: LCP down, file closed */

    if (munmap(lcp_rtt_buffer, LCP_RTT_FILE_SIZE) < 0)
        error("munmap() of %s failed: %m", lcp_rtt_file);
    if (close(lcp_rtt_file_fd) < 0)
        error("close() of %s failed: %m", lcp_rtt_file);
    lcp_rtt_buffer = NULL;
    lcp_rtt_file_fd = 0;
}

/*
 * lcp_echo_lowerup - Start the timer for the LCP frame
 */

static void
lcp_echo_lowerup (int unit)
{
    fsm *f = &lcp_fsm[unit];

    /* Clear the parameters for generating echo frames */
    lcp_echos_pending      = 0;
    lcp_echo_number        = 0;
    lcp_echo_timer_running = 0;

    /* Open the file where the LCP RTT data will be logged */
    lcp_rtt_open_file();
  
    /* If a timeout interval is specified then start the timer */
    if (lcp_echo_interval != 0)
        LcpEchoCheck (f);
}

/*
 * lcp_echo_lowerdown - Stop the timer for the LCP frame
 */

static void
lcp_echo_lowerdown (int unit)
{
    fsm *f = &lcp_fsm[unit];

    if (lcp_echo_timer_running != 0) {
        UNTIMEOUT (LcpEchoTimeout, f);
        lcp_echo_timer_running = 0;
    }

    /* Close the file containing the LCP RTT data */
    lcp_rtt_close_file();
}