-PPP for Linux Version 2.3.0
+PPP for Linux Version 2.3.9
============= based on
- ppp-2.3.0
- Dec 1996
+ ppp-2.3.9
+ July 1999
-Michael Callahan callahan@maths.ox.ac.uk
+Paul Mackerras Paul.Mackerras@cs.anu.edu.au
Al Longyear longyear@netcom.com
+Michael Callahan callahan@maths.ox.ac.uk
Contents:
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
This file is substantially derived from the previous version for the
-pppd process 2.3.0, which itself was derived from earlier works by
+pppd process 2.2.0, which itself was derived from earlier works by
Michael Callahan. This particular version was written, modified,
-hacked, changed, whatever, by Al Longyear. If you find errors in this
-document, they are probably mine and not Michael's.
+hacked, changed, whatever, by Al Longyear and Paul Mackerras. If you
+find errors in this document, they are probably ours and not
+Michael's.
This is a PPP driver for Linux. It has been used by many people and
seems to be quite stable. It is capable of being used either as a
CREDITS
-I (MJC) wrote the original kernel driver from scratch. Laurence
-Culhane and Fred van Kempen's slip.c was priceless as a model (a
-perusal of the files will reveal that I often mimicked what slip.c
-did). Otherwise I just implemented what pppd needs, using RFC1331 as
+Michael Callahan wrote the original kernel driver from scratch.
+Laurence Culhane and Fred van Kempen's slip.c was priceless as a model
+(a perusal of the files will reveal that he often mimicked what slip.c
+did). Otherwise he just implemented what pppd needs, using RFC1331 as
a guide. For the most part, the Linux driver provides the same
interface as the free 386BSD and SunOS drivers. The exception is that
-Linux has no support for asynchronous I/O, so I hacked an ioctl into
+Linux had no support for asynchronous I/O, so he hacked an ioctl into
the PPP kernel module that provides a signal when packets appear and
made pppd use this instead.
contributions to Linux PPP have been immense, and so this release
is being distributed over both our names.
-The pppd program comes from the free distribution of PPP for Suns and
-386BSD machines, maintained by Paul Mackerras. This package lists
-"thanks to" Brad Parker, Greg Christy, Drew D. Perkins, Rick Adams and
-Chris Torek.
+Paul Mackerras rewrote and restructured the code for improved
+performance and to make a cleaner separation between the
+network-interface and async TTY parts of the ppp driver.
+
+Nick Walker added the code to pppd to query the peer for DNS server
+addresses.
+
+
+USING THE NEW PPP KERNEL DRIVER
+
+As of kernel version 2.3.13, the development series of kernels contain
+a new kernel PPP driver, rewritten from scratch by Paul Mackerras.
+This package supports the new driver, although it doesn't include the
+source for the new driver.
+
+The new driver is divided into two files: ppp_generic.c and
+ppp_async.c. The old ppp.c is still present in the kernel sources but
+is not used. If you compile PPP as a module, you will get two
+separate modules, called ppp_generic and ppp_async.
-Jim Freeman added the code to support a ppp module and to dynamically
-extend the number of ppp devices. All ppp devices listed in the Space.c
-will be unlinked when the kernel is loaded. This feature makes the use
-of '16 channel' support obsolete.
+To talk to the new driver, pppd needs to be able to open /dev/ppp,
+character device (108,0). If the special file node /dev/ppp is not
+present, pppd will create it. However, if you are running with /dev
+on a read-only filesystem, pppd will not be able to create /dev/ppp.
+In that instance you should manually create /dev/ppp using the command
+`mknod /dev/ppp c 108 0'.
+If you use module autoloading and have PPP as a module, you will need
+to add the following to /etc/conf.modules:
+
+alias tty-ldisc-3 ppp_async
+alias char-major-108 ppp_generic
INSTALLATION
-This version of PPP has been tested on kernel version 1.3.100. It will
-probably not work on kernels much earlier than this due to earlier problems
-with the kernels. If you have an earlier kernel, please upgrade to the 2.0
-kernel (when it is available).
+This version of PPP has been tested on various Linux kernel versions
+(most recently 2.2.10). It will not work on kernels before 2.0.0. If
+you have an earlier kernel, please upgrade to the latest 2.2-series
+kernel.
joining the PPP channel of linux-activists:
version. Due to feedback from other users, it was felt that a more
automated installation procedure be performed.
-Use the following procedure for all kernel versions. There are six steps
-numbered one through six. Please do them in order and not skip one.
-
1. Issue the command:
'Makefile.linux' in each of the directories.
-2. Issue the command:
+2. Update the kernel sources.
+
+The 2.2.8 and later kernels contains the same PPP kernel driver as is
+in this release. In fact the driver in the kernel sources is slightly
+different from the one in this package as it doesn't include the stuff
+which enables the driver in this package to compile in either the 2.0
+or 2.2 kernel environment, but the two are functionally equivalent.
+If you are using a 2.2.8 or later kernel and your kernel is already
+configured for PPP, then you only need to do steps 5 and 6.
+Otherwise, continue at step 3.
+
+If you are using a 2.3 series kernel, use the kernel driver that is in
+the kernel sources. For 2.3.13 and later, this is the new driver (see
+above).
+
+If you are using a kernel earlier than 2.2.8, you can either use the
+driver in this package or upgrade your kernel to the current 2.2.x
+series kernel (2.2.11, as of the release of ppp-2.3.9). If you choose
+to use the driver in this package, you will need a copy of the kernel
+source tree to compile the driver. Issue the command:
make kernel
from the top level directory. This will install the various include
-files and source files into the proper directory for the linux
-kernel. If you don't have the kernel installed in the /usr/src/kernel
-directory then it will not work. Instead it will print a message to
-the effect that you need to specify the kernel location on the
-kinstall command.
+files and source files into the proper directories in the linux kernel
+source tree. If you don't have the kernel installed in the default
+/usr/src/kernel directory then it will not work. Instead it will print
+a message to the effect that you need to specify the kernel location
+on the kinstall command.
The actual message will say:
3. Build the kernel.
-You must rebuild the kernel with this package. The driver is totally
-new and may not work with the older daemon and the newer daemon will
-not work with the older kernel driver. If you don't know how to build
-a kernel, then you should read the README file in the kernel source
-directory.
+You should rebuild the kernel with this package. If you use the
+driver that comes with the current 2.0 kernels, it will not support
+Deflate compression or demand-dialling, but apart from that the pppd
+daemon should work.
-If you wish module support then you need to have the 'modules-1.1.87'
-package installed as the minimum version. Earlier versions of the module
-support will not work properly. All of the later ones will.
+If you don't know how to build a kernel, then you should read the
+README file in the kernel source directory.
-As of this time, the current version for the modules package is
-1.2.0. Even 1.1.87 is old. However, if you only have 1.1.87 then it
-will do as it permits the symbol table references. Please consider
-upgrading the module package however.
+If you want module support then you need to have the 'modules-2.0.0'
+package installed as the minimum version. Earlier versions of the
+module support will not work properly. All of the later ones will.
Instructions on building the kernel with modules are given in the
README.modules in the kernel source directory.
make install
-to install the various programs. They will be installed into the
-/usr/sbin directory. You may not like this directory for the
-executables. The directory name is called BINDIR and is set in the
-file 'linux/Makefile.linux'.
+(as root) to install the various programs. They will be installed
+into the /usr/sbin directory. If you prefer to install the programs
+elsewhere, you can change the definition of BINDIR in the file
+linux/Makefile.top.
Earlier versions of the pppd package used /usr/lib/ppp as the
directory. This has been changed. If you still have code in
be loaded to use the compressor and the VJ header compression code must be
loaded to use ppp.o.
-You may elect not to load the BSD compression module if you desire. There
-is a controversy regarding a Motorola software patent and while it is
-believed that this code does not infringe upon the patent, it is however
-an optional component.
-
-The deflate compressor has been stated by Morotola to not infringe upon
-their patent. However, it is also new. You may not find many systems which
-use this compressor.
+You may elect not to load the BSD compression module if you desire.
+The LZW compression algorithm (as used by BSD-Compress and the
+`compress' command) is claimed to be covered by a patent held by
+Unisys in the USA and other countries.
In addition, if memory is a premium, do not run the compressors. It
may take large amounts of memory (up to 2.6 meg) for high compression
PROBLEMS WHICH MAY OCCUR WHILE BUILDING THE KERNEL
-At this time there should not be a problem with the complication of the
+At this time there should not be a problem with the compilation of the
drivers.
right domain name to use and the IP numbers of nameservers from
whoever's providing your PPP link.
+Alternatively you may wish to use the option `usepeerdns' and then
+modify your `ip-up' and `ip-down' scripts to automate the process. Or
+check your messages file to see if pppd recorded the DNS addresses
+supplied by the peer ppp server.
CONNECTING TO A PPP SERVER
via ftp.
2. Ensure that the directory /etc/ppp is owned by 'root' and permits
-only write access to the root user.
+write access only to the root user.
-3. The files /etc/ppp/options must be owned by root and accessible only
-from that user. Never permit any other user access to this file.
+3. The files /etc/ppp/options must be owned by root and writable only
+by root.
4. The files /etc/ppp/ip-up and /etc/ppp/ip-down will be executed by the
pppd process while it is root. Ensure that these files are writable only
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